This study focuses on China’s full-cycle “planning-construction-operation” TOD model, employing empirical analysis of Hangzhou’s ten-stage development framework and Beijing’s phased optimisation practices to systematically elucidate its theoretical innovations and practical value in addressing challenges of rapid urbanisation. Through case studies of Chinese TOD implementations, it distils a high-density governance paradigm applicable to East Asian cities and reveals the adaptability conditions for its global dissemination. The research specifically addresses two core questions: What are the innovative mechanisms underlying China’s TOD model in integrating whole-lifecycle management, embedding intelligent technologies, and incorporating equity considerations? How do policy support systems and regulatory frameworks activate TOD’s sustainable efficacy through institutional design? 

Access it here.