Rapid urbanization and motorization have intensified congestion, emissions, and inequity in urban transport systems, particularly in developing countries. Sustainable Urban Mobility Planning (SUMP) emphasizes integrated strategies combining land use planning, public transport, non-motorized transport (NMT), and clean energy solutions. This study evaluates the effectiveness of Transit-Oriented Development (TOD), public transport, NMT, and electric mobility through a comparative analysis of Delhi and Singapore. Using spatial analysis, policy review, and sustainability indicators, the study identifies performance gaps in Indian TOD implementation and extracts transferable global best practices. The research proposes strategic planning recommendations to strengthen TOD-led sustainable mobility in Indian cities.

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