Deploying autonomous vehicles in urban mobility systems promises significant improvements in safety, efficiency, and sustainability. On the other hand, running these vehicles in the continuously changing and often uncertain conditions of modern cities turns out to be a major challenge. These cars need advanced systems that can continuously change in order to observe conditions. This paper puts forward a new way that brings together multiple LIDAR sensors for the real-time spotting and following of objects, along with adaptive motion planning methods made to handle the difficulties of city traffic. Using LIDAR-based mapping for environmental modeling and predictive tracking techniques helps the system build a richly detailed, consistently updating depiction of surroundings that supports accurate and quick decisions. Another feature of the system is dynamic path planning that ensures safe navigation by considering traffic, pedestrian movement, and road conditions.

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